世界报:石正丽焦虑失眠 担忧实验室外泄

同时批评西方国家应对疫情不力,批评法国应对缓慢等等。这些假信息被欧盟对外行动属检测到是通过塞尔维亚网络平台,和一些阴谋论社交网络,以及一些官方或半官方的通讯社散发,这些通讯社与俄罗斯,叙利亚,伊朗,中国有关联。

纽约时报披露欧盟报告的原版说,正在争取加入欧盟的塞尔维亚已经成为中国对外散播假新闻的工具。但是这个消息没有具体说塞尔维亚怎样给北京当工具,只说该国对互联网管理松散。有中国人直接在那里工作。

欧盟对外行动属一名电子邮件分析师表示,欧盟自我审查是开了一个“可怕的先例”,此举将鼓励北京今后不断增加这种障碍。

石正丽焦虑失眠 担忧实验室外泄

世界报4月25日发布有关武汉病毒实验室的调查。两位作者是巴凯(Raphaelle Bacque)和佩德罗莱蒂(Brice Pedroletti)。

根据这个调查,去年12月武汉肺炎爆发时,武汉P4实验室的病毒传染中心负责人石正丽陷入焦虑和害怕中,她说自己好几夜没合眼,反复回想自己的每一项研究,每一个动作,不停问自己病毒是不是从我们那些实验室泄露的?

石正丽在法国蒙波利埃大学学习过几年。那是除了她会讲一点法语,法国科技部长给她颁过奖之外,大家对她不太了解。但她在中国的知名度很高,因她研究蝙蝠取得成果,被媒体誉为“蝙蝠女郎”。2005年她识别了两个与萨斯病毒接近的冠状病毒。

她近几年恢复了研究。她极度担心基因序列显示武汉的杀手(病毒)是她所在部门外泄的。她告诉《美国科学》月刊的记者珍妮·丘(Jane Qiu):“的确这使我头脑乱了,闭不上眼睛。”

世界报这篇调查还说,武汉有多个研究病毒的实验室,石正丽的研究,需要P3和P4安全级别的实验室。中法合作的P4实验室位于武汉西南大约30公里处,一个浅灰色的碉堡,侧面是塔楼和办公楼。实验室背后是树林,初时周边没有其他建筑,后来附近建起一座学生宿舍楼。

这个P4实验室的地址和位置很难找到,中国科学院官方网站和谷歌地图都错误地将它定位在东湖附近的老病毒研究院的校园中。

P4 是最高安全级别,研究埃博拉等高致命病毒。这座实验室在2017年建成验收,2019年初投入使用。

石正丽并非是对实验室安全感到担忧的唯一一人,据华盛顿邮报报道,美国外交官员在2018年来参观后,也对这个实验室的安全感到担心。认为缺乏经过正确培训的研究和调查人员。

不过,怀疑实验室泄露病毒的首先是中国自己人。从今年1月低开始,中国互联网就沸腾了。网民怀疑P4实验室,也怀疑海鲜市场附近的武汉疾控中心实验室。该实验室的安全等级较低,专家田俊华在山洞捕捉蝙蝠的影片一度在网上流传。法国世界报引述中国媒体说,近12年以来,中国研究人员找到了近2000种病毒,而世界其他国家200年来,仅找到284种病毒。中国在病毒基础研究方面处于全球领先地位。这位专家后来承认,裸露的皮肤被蝙蝠的排泄物碰到对造成感染,他自己曾因碰触到蝙蝠的尿液自我隔离过。

另外,人们还担心武汉病毒所的女实习生黄燕玲的命运和下落。她的部分简历在病毒所的网站上被抹去。

著名主持人崔永元在推特发动10天民调,在1万人的回答中,51%的人相信武汉肺炎病毒来自实验室的意外泄露,24%的认为是故意散播,只有12%的人认为来自大自然。

中共政权最高层也作出重大决定 : 解放军防化兵陈微少将在1月31日抵达武汉。当时官媒纷纷向她献上“如出一辙”的热情文章,把她描绘称“战争女神”。官方说法是,陈微少将去P4实验室是为了研制抗冠状病毒疫苗,但世界报指出,如果中共最高当局不怀疑武汉P4实验室 ,就不会派这样一位全权特使去调查…

世界报的调查说,武汉P4实验室有大约六人在几年前到过法国里昂的梅里约实验室(Laboratoire Jean-Mérieux)培训3个星期。据这个实验室的免疫病毒学家布兰卡-霍瓦特(Branka Horvat)介绍,他们练习上千次穿潜水防护衣,学习管理呼吸,计算动作,截断或链接供气阀门,每次启动实验之前,要仔细准备,避免遗忘。

世界报说,法中合作的武汉P4实验室有多个减压气闸保护,必须通过读卡系统才能打开闸门。最后出口处还有防污淋浴装置。

世界报说,实验室泄露事故远比人们想象的多,比如2014年巴黎巴斯德研究院有2349个萨斯病毒样本找不到了。幸而这些样本只有病毒的一部分,没有引发严重后果。2014年,美国一些非活炭疽病样本被错误寄往美国各地…

在武汉,随着疫情向全球扩散,实验室泄露的假设变成了政治问题。在华盛顿邮报报道美国外交官担忧武汉病P4实验室安全的消息4天后,武汉P4实验室主任,石正丽的“老板”袁志明出面表示,病毒不可能来自这里。因为有防止病毒泄露的非常严格明确的规定。袁志明是在中国,法国和丹麦接受过培训的微生物专家,他只是在捍卫整个中国科研界的声誉。他意识到当地和国外对他们实验室的传言,以及对他们实验室有大量学生进出的传言。他们的研究员有时一人同时带20名学生。(而法国一个研究员最多带三名学生。)袁志明眼睛不眨地排除了实习学生出意外的可能性。他肯定地说,我们的学生和研究人员没有人被感染。

病毒所研究冠状病毒的人很多。石正丽跟她的一些团队做“功能获得”实验,也就是重塑病毒,让它们具有更强的传染力,然后识别弱点,以便测试治疗。此外,石正丽在今年1月20日发表了一篇有关新病毒基因组的成果,表明,找到迄今为止未被认知的病毒,它与蝙蝠冠状病毒RaTG13有96%的相似度。

与中国方面的狂热相比,法国方面更迟疑保留。生物污染的风险总让观察中国研究的观察者感到担忧。特别是,中国所有研究领域的实验室都在展开竞赛。而且中国的科研首先要当国家强大的工具。法国神经科学专家杰南Alexis Génin作为反走私器官协会Dafoh的科学顾问对中国感兴趣。他表示,中国的科研项目不透明,而且以过分的方式进行,有时候并不遵守科学医学伦理,可能导致走偏。

他还表示,在追求高生产力的环境下,很多年轻研究员轮流做实验,增加操作错误与感染的风险。至于武汉实验室里重塑过的病毒是否会外泄,他表示,惟有派专家进入实验室检查,审阅实验室病毒学笔记本,方可以澄清这一点。而流行病经常扮演“揭密者”的角色。

对武汉P4实验室的怀疑显示了法国与中国合作的困难。到目前为止,在法国,有一些失望的企业,一小队的外交官和国防部几个高官对中国的极端民族主义和不透明行为表示抗议。

法中合作内幕 法方被排除

世界报说,这次疫情让人们突然发现了法中合作的内幕。这个武汉P4实验室建好后,除了2019年3月,法国驻武汉领事访问过这里(照片挂在墙上为证),实际上,法国很快就被排除在该“实验室”的运作范围之外了。

虽然石正丽和其他中国研究人员受到法国里昂P4实验室的接待,但两国合作的“对等”远未实现。甚至积极推动与中国合作的工业家梅里约,也在武汉P4被中方验收后撤离。在武汉P4实验室启用前的18个月测试期(未放毒),法国传染病学家René Courcol医生被法国外交部派去武汉。他的任务是保证P4实验室各项程序正确完成。他是否真被允许进入武汉P4?他今天对武汉P4有什么建议?有什么担忧?他拒绝回答世界报的问题。

实际上,法国完全不知道帮助建成的武汉P4实验室内发生了什么。曾经参与一大部分法中这个合作项目的里昂P4实验室主任拉乌尔Hervé Raoul表示 : “实验室的设计看起来不错,但要确定的话,需要看它在操作模式下怎么样。我去过几次,但是我没有看到它运作。 ” 拉乌尔先生承认,武汉P4里面没有法国研究人员。他说,我一点也想不出这个实验室怎么运作。

世界报说,总而言之,这个雅克·希拉克(Jacques Chirac)在2004年庆祝的双边关系已成为单边了。这种情况在法中合作中很典型,几乎所有在中国的法中合作项目都变成这个样子了。

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