新冠状肺炎病毒有多毒?

──医学护理专业人士告诉你
整理: 萧杰森

近日一位资深医学护理专业人士,根据她多年护理经验,对新冠病毒的毒性进行分析总结,认为这是一个五毒俱全的超级病毒。

(一)感染途径 从感染途径讲,它几乎把其它人类传染病的传播途径都包括了。
1) 身体接触感染。接触了该病毒感染者污染的物品,可能被感染。例如鼠疫,天花的传染途径。
2)消化道感染。共用碗筷感染,患者的大小便也传播。例如肺结核,肝炎都是通过此途径传染。
3)呼吸道传染 例如流行性感冒,麻疹等
4)空气传染,气溶胶传染,病毒可以粘附到空气中的小水粒,微粒传染,即使戴口罩,防护效果有限。就如流行感冒病毒,结核病毒 。
5)血液传染。通过血液感染。例如艾滋病,梅毒,乙型病毒肝炎,埃博拉病毒。还有母婴传播的报道。

(二)潜伏期
萨斯潜伏期只有2至7天,而新冠病毒潜伏期一般是10天左右,有的患者潜伏期会达到14天,极个别的可能超过24天或更长,让所有的隔离措施大打折扣。

(三)无症状感染 萨斯患者潜伏期间不感染,新冠病毒患者在潜伏期间可以感染,就是没有症状时也能感染。有的患者治愈了可能还带有病毒,感染他人。

(四)难以检测 有专家说它是最狡猾的病毒,在潜伏期间,可以逃避现在所有的检测方法。 有的感染者在潜伏期,用各种坚持方法都没有被检出,他可能就被当成正常人,继续成为一个传染源。

(五)攻击人体更多器官 萨斯通常只攻击患者的肺部和呼吸道。但新冠病毒除主要攻击肺部外,可能还会攻击心脏,肾脏,生殖系统或其它器官。这就是为什麽有患者会突然倒地死。

(六)传播力 目前它的死亡率比死亡率最高的埃博拉病毒,禽流感(超过50%)低很多。但从传播力的角度,死亡率较低的病毒的传播力更强,传播的人更多。如果死亡率高,传染源迅速减少。

鉴于新冠病毒的传播速度快,毒性强,而目前的防护隔离措施效果有限,还没有针对它有效治疗的药物的情况下,提高自身免疫力就成为防御新冠病毒的最重要的目标。常言道:七分精神三分病,保持愉快情绪,心怀善念。古籍中例如《抱扑子》(作者是晋代名医葛洪)等记载打坐可以预防瘟疫,这和现代医学发现打坐可以提高人体自身免疫力的结论是一致的。

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