國際權威︰惡法下難維持獨立判決　 「終院海外法官應辭職明志」

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2020年至今/调查报告/还原（被篡改的）历史/香港反送中

更新時間 (HKT): 2020.07.13 02:41

終院海外非常任法官麥嘉琳AAAd

【本報訊】目前香港終審法院有15位海外非常任法官，是一國兩制及香港司法獨立的體現，但隨着港版國安法實施，這批海外法官的存在意義已變得模糊。英國及加拿大傳媒引述多名英國司法界權威指對香港海外非常任法官的角色感憂慮，認為他們將難保持獨立，地位岌岌可危，不如辭職明志。

相關新聞：《基本法》保留洋官穩外資信心

港版國安法第44條規定， 特首可指定若干名法官負責處理危害國家安全案件，香港維護國家安全委員會也可提供意見，凡有危害國家安全言行者不可任命為指定法官；任指定法官期間，如有危害國家安全言行亦可中止資格。第47條又列明，法院審理案件中，倘有涉案行為是否涉及國家安全或證據材料是否涉及國家秘密的認定問題，應取得特首證明書。第65條亦規定，國安法解釋權屬全國人大常務委員會。

「他們的地位將岌岌可危」這些條文引發本港以至海外對香港司法獨立的信心危機，認為法官將難在沒壓力下審理案件。英國《泰晤士報》以〈國安法讓香港英籍法官左右為難〉為題，引述司法界權威指，在港英籍法官若未能譴責國安法，恐須無奈辭職。

報道引述97前在港任職法官的馬凱勳爵（Lord Mackay of Clashfern）指，他對在港英籍法官的角色感憂慮，「他們的地位將岌岌可危，因為我們無法確保他們仍可維持獨立。一旦他們須作出一個自己覺得不正確的裁決，處境將非常為難」。英國影子檢察長范克林（Lord Falconer of Thoroton）亦指，很難預見這些法官可留下來，認為國安法已徹底破壞《中英聯合聲明》。

加拿大《環球郵報》亦以〈前最高法院首席大法官被促請辭香港法院〉為題，引述加國前司法部長Irwin Cotler指出，本身是加拿大最高法院前首席大法官的香港終審法院海外非常任法官麥嘉琳應考慮辭去香港法院職務，作為對中國打壓香港法律自由的抗議。

「國安法草擬形式實際上已奪走法院獨立地位，國安法太空泛，所有案件他們（中港政府）都可用自己人代替她（麥嘉琳），所以如果她辭職，將帶出一個重要訊息。」Cotler甚至打算致電麥嘉琳，游說她辭職。

律師：港百萬人吊頸都冇用加拿大前駐華大使David Mulroney也同意麥嘉琳應請辭，因海外法官對香港終審法院合法地位起了認可作用，但加拿大政府月初公佈中止與香港的逃犯引渡協議，已說明加國對香港法制的觀點。

律師黃國桐則認為，海外非常任法官即使集體辭職，也只是意識形態表現，並無實際作用，「就算香港100萬人吊頸都冇實際作用」，而且海外法官在憲制等範疇各有專長，有必要存在，「香港係需要外籍法官，喺好多方面佢哋係專長，尤其是憲制方面，佢哋喺第二度審開」。

本身是大律師的立法會議員陳淑莊指，海外法官對司法界有貢獻，其存在亦代表香港司法制度與英聯邦國家銜接，若有外籍法官辭任，她不推測辭任理由，惟「如果一時之間一次過冇晒（外籍法官），國際間對香港司法獨立、法治評估都有唔正面影響」。

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